Central-draft lamp



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

N. ROITMAN. CENTRAL DRAFT LAMP.

N0. 484,242. Patented Oct. 1.1, 1892.

l f 7 M OOOMUOOOOOOQWUOOO 70, Maf

2 sheets .sheet 2.

(No Model.)

N. ROITMAN. GBNTRAL DRAFT LAMP.`

No. 484,242. y

Patented Oct. 11, 189.2.v

UNITED STATES PATENT Oruro-E.

NATAN ROITMAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

CENTRAL-DRAFT LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of' Letters Patent No. 484,242, dated October 11, 1892.

Applioationled July 2, 1891. Serial No. 398,290. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.'

Be it known that I, NATAN ROITMAN, of the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvexnentv in Central-Draft Lamps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, Jforming part of this specification.

This invention relates to a lamp whose circular wick is made captive to an elevatingtube that insures its equable elevation all around the circle, the said wick being provided with extension absorbent legs, which, when first inserted and said wick is of its full length, sprawl outwardly in the bottom ot' the reservoir of said lamp, and when elevated as the wick burns the bottom or feet of said legs act as absorbent lnediums to furnish the wick with oil. An annular and a central air-tube supply air to the flame, the former to its base, and the latter after heating in the dome-chamber in the center ot` the blaze escapes through perforations around the under flanged support of said dome and feeds the upper portion of said blaze with pure hot air. A perforate tube supplies air-to the reservoir as the oil exhausts and a floating puppet in av graduated register-tube denotes the stage ot said exhaust-ion; and the invention consistsin features of novelty hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 is an elevation ot a lamp in which my invention is incorporated. Fig. Il is an enlarged vertical section and shows the anglecogged star-wheel that elevates the wick-carrier tube and its operating-pinion. Fig. III is an enlarged detail of the wiek-carriertube.

Fig. IV is an elevation of the circular wick and shows two of its pendent legs. Fig. V is an enlarged vertical section taken on line V V, Fig. I, and shows a detail of the lampframe, the perforated aerating swell-chamber in its stand, the reservoir, the annular and central air-flues that ascend from said chamber, the central tube surmounted by the perforate flanged dome, the perforated wickcarrier tube, the wick secured in and to said tubeby thespring-tappet temple-teeth secured to the periphery of said tube, two of the pendent legs of said wick, the outer tube and surmounting collar-tube that contines the base of the llame, the star carrier-pinion that elevates the wick-carrier perforate tube, the perforate aerating-tube, and the puppet graduated register that indicates the amount ot oil in the reservoir. zontal section taken on line VI VI, Fig. VII', and shows the teeth of the temple-springs that hold the circular wick to the wick-tube; and Fig. VII is an enlarged detail of the wicktube and shows one ot the temple-springs secured thereto, the teeth of which springshold said wick to said tube.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the lamp; 2, the pedestal on which said lamp Stands; 3, the aerating swell-chamber in said 5 represents the reservoir ot said lamp for holding the oil.

6 is a central air-tube, and 'Zan annular airtube, both ot' which tubes have free communication with said perforate air chamber 3 and pass u p through the center of said reservoir, from the oil in which they are closed by the oil-tight joint between the air-tubes and the reservoir, above which reservoir said air-tubes mount to the burner 8 at their summit.

9 represents the circular dome that surmounts the central air-tube, whose expanding flange 10 is provided with perforations 11 around its upper periphery and is su rmo'unted by a circular dome-cap 12, around which eX- panding ange and dome the flame 13 of the lamp burns. l

14 represents the vertical angle-flange col lar that su rmounts the reservoir, which collar is provided with circuinferentialcorrugations 15, between which the base of the chimneycarrier collar 16 is seated. The latter collar is provided with perfor-ations `1'7, through which air freely passes for an outer air-feed to the flame, the inner air-feed to which is suppliedthrough the aforesaid central and annular tubes. Attached to the said perforate collar are the vertical springlamp-chimney holders 18, that embrace said lamp-chimney 19. Y

2O represents the attachment-collars that embrace the in ner air-tube 6, and 2l are the radial arms that connect said collars to the outer Wall ot the annular tube. 7.

Fig. VI is an enlarged hori- IOO 22 represents the wick-carrier tube, between which and the outer wall of the annular tube 7 the circular tube-wick 23 is located and is held to the carrier-tube by the teeth 24 of the head 25 of the temple-springs 26, which springs are secured to the outside of said carrier-tube by the flange-clutches 27 and have play through the open ports 28 in said wickcarrier tube to enable their teeth to pierce and hold the wick at a uniform elevation all around the tube. 'lhe said wick-carrier tube is provided with perforations 29 on one side, which are utilized in the elevation of said tube and the wick secured thereto by the following means:

30 represents a star sprocket-wheel, whose pointed angle-teetli 3l engage in the said perforations 29 of said wick-carrier tube 22. The said sprocket-wheel is loosely mounted on the projecting journal-pin 32, that angularly projects from the hanger 33, which hanger is secured inside to the top of the oil-reservoir.

34 represents a sprocket-pinion keyed or otherwise secured to the star sprocket-wheel 3() and alike mounted on the journal-pin 32, and with said sprocket pinion the drive sprocket-wheel 35 engages and drives it when turned by the steni-shaft 36,011 which it is fast mounted. The said stem-shaft liasbearings in the inclined jou mal-bearing 37, that surmounts the reservoir 38, and said stem, with its attached drive-sprocket, is turned by the handdisk 39 at its upper end. Now it will be seen that as said hand-disk is turned left-handed, as with a left-hand screw, it will v through itsdrive-pinion turn the star-sprocket in the direction (by means of its spur-gear in the perforations of the wick-carrier tube)to raise said tube, and with it the wick it carries. Vhen turned in the other direction, it will lower it.

40 represents a telescopic wick-tube whose base fits inside the angle-flange collar 14 and which tube surrounds the perforate wick-carrier tube and forms an annular air-passage 40a around it, which connects with the reservoir and prevents the access of side drafts through the perforations of said tube, and 4l is a surinounting collar to said tube, that leads the ascent of the fla-me and prevents its iiickering from the effects of side drafts. n

Whenthe wickcarrier tube has been elevated to about or a little past the summit of the wick-tube 40, but not to the summit of its collar 4], the lamp-cliiinney and said collar and wick-tube are removed to get access to said wick-carrier tube. The heads of the temple-springs are then drawn back until the teeth release their hold of the wick, which is then elevated slightly to renew the ignitionsurface and trim the same, if necessary. The templesprings are then allowed to spring forward and again grip and hold the wick to the tube that carries it. The hand-disk 39 is then turned in its reversing direction and by means of its star sprocket-wheel the Wick-carrier tube is lowered to any required degree, so as to bring the summit edge of the wick in the right respective position as regards the summit of the sleeve-tube 40. y

The process of the readjustment of the wick in the tube is of infrequent occurrence, as after being correctly trimmed and equably held and elevated by the temple-springs to its carrier-tube there is but slight exhaustion or consumption of the Wick. It is the irregular presentation of the wick in oil-lamps that in a great measure is responsible for the rapid combustion of the wick and the production of a smoky obscure light.

The outer wick-tube 40 is formed with an external bead or corrugation 40h, by which it is supported on the collar 14. i

42 represent the pendent legs of the wick, the number of which may vary in accordance with the size of the lamp and wick. Y Four of said pendent legs would be a sufficient number for an ordinary-sized tube-wick and serve as absorbents, after the tube portion of the wicks have been elevated above the oil, to still supply said wicks with oil. By, the use of said pendent legs the effective duration of the wick is much extended. When the wick is first inserted, the legs sprawl along on the bottom of the reservoir, their individual sectionality allowingthem thus to radiate, and allow the depression of the long wick to its initial position for use.

43 represents a combined aerating and oilsupply tube, which enters at the top of the reservoir, to which it is securely attached with oil-tight joints, and reaches to near the bottom of said reservoir. The said tube at near its lower end is provided with a number of perforations 44, through which air and oil have a free intercoinmunicatory connection with that. in the i'eservoir.

45 represents a screw stoppercap, which covers the mouth of said tube 43, in the screw of which it engages. When it is required to lill the reservoir, the said cap is unscrewed and removed during said filling.

46 represents a center perforation through the head of the stopper into its hollow screwplug body, and 47 is alike perforation through the bottom of said plug near its periphery. The air tinds free entrance through said perforations v46 and 47 into said aerating-tube and through the perforations 44 from said tube into the main body of the reservoir, through which perforations the oilalso passes.

48 represents the indicating-register, which is constituted of the following parts:

49 represents a horizontal offset tube, which has an open connection with theinterior base of the tube 43, with which and'with the globe of the reservoir said tube has a steam-tight joint, the oil having a free intercommunicatory passage back and forth. A vertical internally-screw-threaded angle-iange 50 is integral with and enlarged from the diameter of the tube 49, that carries it.

51 represents a rubber ring-gasket that is seated on the enlarged shoulder 52, sur- IOO IIO

mounting the tube 49 within said enlarged angie-flange 50.

53 represents avertical glass cylinder open at bottom and top, the base of which glass cylinder presses on said ring-gasket 51.

56 represents the register-tube, open at both bottom and top and whose peripheral screwbase 57 engages in the aforesaid screw-threaded angle-flange 50 and is screwed down in its said seat until it tightly presses on the rubber gasket-ring 51 to effect an oil-tight joint at said base of said register-tube. The said tube protects said glass cylinder 53 from breakage.

59 is the surmounting cap of said registertube, Whose inner screw 60 engages with the peripheral screw 61 at thesummit end of said register-tube 56.

62 represents a rubber disk gasket that is inserted within the ange ot' the surmounting cap 59. When said cap 59 is screwed down on its seat, it presses said gasket 62 both against the summit of the register-tube 56 and against the glass cylinder 53, pressing said cylinder also against the ring-gasket 51 at its base, so as to effect oil-tight joints at both said gasket-packings.

63 represents a pendent rod that passes through the center of said gasket 62 and is screwed or otherwise secured in and to the center of the cap 59, from which it hangs pendent down the center of the register-tube into the oil Within, and 64 is a buffer stayfoot at the bottom of said rod. i

65 represents a perforate puppet cork float that is loosely seated on said pendent rod, and 66 is a perforate enamel white porcelain cap that surmounts said cork iioat, to which it is secured. The white porcelain cap is carried by said cork puppet and sliding therewith, respectively, up and down the pendent rod 63 as the supply of oil is increased by {illing in the reservoir or diminished by burning.

67 represents spy-holes in the registry-tube to enable the observer to see to and through the inclosed glass cylinder the position of the puppet-indicator and the consequent amount of oil in the reservoir. The white porcelain cap that surmounts the puppet-fioat enables the observerto see clearly the position of the iioat, and, as said porcelain cap registers with the respective graduation marks 68, the amount of said oil is thus marked and recorded. The large number of spy-holes 67 enables sufficient rays of light to penetrate to and through the glass cylinder to clearly show the registering position of said white porcelain enamel cap of the puppet-float.v As the reservoir and its stand are of metal, to prevent the danger of breakage, said registering-indicator is of advantage both to register the exhaustion of the oil when burning and the filling of the reservoir when refilling.

It will be seen that the blaze of the lamp has two distinct aerations, that through the annular tube 7, which delivers around close to the Wick feeding the base of the flame, while at the same time the air which is furnished and ascends through the center tube enters Within the circular dome-cap, around which the flame is burning. Itv there becomes heated without the usual combustive exhaustion by being in a large measure consumed as it passes through or in contact with the base of the flame on its Way to supply the necessary atmospheric gases to the upper portion of said iiame. In said heated, inliammable, and unexhausted condition the air is discharged through the perforations 11 beneath the dome-cap 12 in close vicinity to the upper portion of the flame, with which it intermingles, causing said portion of the flame to produce as bright ora brighter light than the lower portion, thus adding largely to the illuminating power of the lamp. It will also be seen that as the wick is always equably elevated by theabovedescribed Wick-carrier tube, to which it 1s secured` by the teeth of the temple-springs, and also by the novel heating of the air-supply and its delivery direct to the upper part of the ilame without its vitality having been burned out of it by passage through vthe base of said flame amuch clearer light is obtainable, and not only is the ame not obscured by smoke, but also the oil is not wasted by producing said worse than useless smoke.

1. The combination of the reservoir having a-central .draft-tube, a wick-carrier tube, an outer Wick-tube forming an annular air-passage around the carrier-tube, a collar surrounding the outer wick-tube, by which the latter is supported on the reservoir, and a collar surmounting the outer wick-tube, substan-` tially as described. Y

2. The combination, with areservoir, of the horizontal tube having an angle-flange, the glass cylinder and the register-tube supported in the angle-flange, the said register-tube provided with perforate spy-holes for sighting the registering-float, andthe cap having a pendent rod and a float sliding on the rod, substantially as described.

3. The combinatiomwith a reservoir, of the aerating and oil-supply tube having perforations for the passage of air and oil, the hori- Zontal tube connected with the supply-tube, having an angle-flange, the glass cylinder and the register-tube supported in the angleflange, and the Iioat, substantially as described; v

. NATAN ROITMAN.

In presence of BENJN. A. KNIGHT, SAML. KNIGHT.

IIO 

